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Peach

Peaches are a native to China. Peaches are enjoyed in desserts and appetizers with a perfect combination of flavor and nutrition. They are a good source of fiber. Georgia ranks highest in its production of about 70% of the peach trees and 83% of the state's production.

Peach classification

Yellow-Flesh peaches White-Flesh peaches Clingstone peaches Freestone peaches

Peaches are a native to China. Peaches are enjoyed in desserts and appetizers with a perfect combination of flavor and nutrition. They are a good source of fiber. Georgia ranks highest in its production of about 70% of the peach trees and 83% of the state's production.

First cultivation: Peaches were first cultivated in ancient China.
Introduction to Greece: Peaches were introduced in Greece around 322 B.C.
First grown in Georgia: Peaches were first grown in Georgia during the colonial period of the 1700s.
Peach State: After the Civil war, Georgia peach cultivators came up with new peach varieties and started commercial business and made Georgia a Peach State.

Peach information

How to select peaches

Peach varieties in alphabetical order

 

Peach types

Melting Flesh Peaches: Melting flesh type peaches have flesh that becomes soft over time. They have ragged edges when cut. They can be either clingstone or freestone type.

Non-melting peaches: (bottom-middle) Non melting peaches remain firm over time after canning. They are selected to have orange flesh color with no red, and a distinctive taste a little like apricots. Most of the commercial peaches are non-melting type.
All non-melting types are clingstone, meaning the flesh adheres to the pit when ripe.

Peento peaches: Peento peaches are known for various color and flavours. Also known as Pan Tao or Peen To. They are flat or doughnut shaped. (bottom-right).

Doughnut peaches: (bottom-left) This fruit is known for its unusual shape. It is flat and hollow on the sides, does not look like other varieties. Initially flat peaches originated in China and were grown in U.S in 1800. Originally the flat varieties had no special names.
They were called Chinese flat peaches, Chinese saucer peaches, or peento peaches. Today, they are called “donut peaches” and are grown commercially in Central California and Washington.

donut-peaches

Melting Flesh Peaches

non-melting_peach

Non-melting peaches

peento-peach

Peento peaches

Yellow-Flesh-Peach

Yellow-Flesh Peaches




Origin of yellow Flesh peaches:
In 1949, three yellow peaches were collected from among various whilte fleshed peaches which had fallen beneath a seedling tree. The tree was a cross between Eclipse (a yellow variety) and a seedling caucausian peach. The caucausian peach itself would produce small white fleshed fruits. The small branch which produced the yellow fruit was not identified that time. Later in 1950, the branch which produced the yellow variety was identified and labeled.
Taste:The yellow flesh peaches tend to have a more Acidic tang than the white flesh peaches.
Season: May - Sept
Popular Varieties: Reliance and Sweet Scarlet

White-Flesh-Peach

White-Flesh Peaches

Taste They taste sweet to less acidic and smoother with white flesh
Season They are abundantly available during the months May - Aug
Mostly available Western markets, in Asia
Popular Varieties Spring Snow and Sugar May
Skin texture Soft texture, creamy or yellow with red or pink color near the pit

Clingstone-Peach

Clingstone Peaches

Clingstone peaches have flesh that adheres to the pits.
Taste Sweeter and juicier
Season May - Aug
Mostly available Rarely found in the local market
Skin texture Soft texture, flesh is yellow and bright red near the pit.

freestone-peach

Freestone Peaches

Freestone peaches have flesh that does not stick to the pits.

Taste Less juicy texture with sweet to slightly acidic taste
Season May - Oct
Mostly available Generally Available
Popular Varieties Glowhaven, Cresthaven, and Redhaven Peaches
Skin texture

Creamy or yellow in color with varying ranges of red blush or mottling

Selecting Peaches

Color and fragrance
1) If you are buying peaches look for ones with a very creamy to gold under color that indicates ripeness.
2) Find fruits that have had a well-defined crease and a good fragrance.
3) The amount of red on peaches depends on the variety; it is not always a sign on ripeness.
4) Peaches with the green under color are not ripe and will not ripen because peaches and the nectarines only ripen well on the tree.
5) Peaches are normally ripe when they give to gentle palm pressure. Green coloring also indicates immaturity.  Shriveling at the stem end or the excessive softening are indications of overripe peaches.
6) You can keep your peaches and nectarines for one to three days but you have to be quite careful, one small bruise and it will go bad on that spot.
When to pick peaches from trees -the following indices of maturity are known:
The best way for peach today is ground color; red color is actually functioning of cultivar and light exposure and therefore not a good index.
Ground color of fruit could changes from green to straw-yellow during ripening, and fruit that match color chip 3 (out of 6) are the mature enough for harvest.
Fruit picked too early (chip 2) never develop full flavor and also texture, and may develop a condition called woolly texture or woolliness, characterized by mealy texture, and the absence of juice or flavor.
Firmness and days from bloom could also be used to estimate maturity.


Leading Peach Varieties in alphabetical order

A: Admiral (Admiral Dewey) Amelia
Albright Amsden
Allen Angel
Alexander Arkansas (Arkansas Traveller)
Alexandra (Alexandra Noblesse)  
B: Baldwin Late Bergen Yellow
Barnard (Barnard's Early, Yellow Barnard) Bequett Cling
Beatrice (Early Beatrice Bequett Free
Beers Smock Bilyeu (Bilyeu's Late October
Belle Favorite Bishop
Bidwell (General Bidwell Bidwell Early
C: Carman Chairs
Champion Chilli
Chinese Cling Christiana
Cobbler Columbia
Cooledge Conkling
Conett Cox (cox's cling)
Crimson beauty Crosby
Crothers  
D-E: Denton Druid hill
Early belle (Hieley) Early crawford
Early michigan Early purple
Early silver Early york (large early york)
Eaton (Eaton' S Golden) Ede (captain ede)
Elberta Eldred cling
Emma Emperor
Everbearing  
F: Family favorite Fitzgerald
Ford Ford late
Foster Fox (fox's seedling)
Frances  
G: Geary General Lee
George the Fourth Georgia (belle of georgia)
Globe Gold drop
Goode Greensboro
H: Hale Hance
Haines early Heath
Holder Honey
Husted Hyatt
Hynes  
I-K: Ingold Japan dwarf blood
Jaques Kalamazoo
Kenricks health Keyport


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