|
|
|
|
|
DRY
FRUITS |
Dried fruit is a
fruitthat has been dried, either naturally or artificially by a machine, such as a dehydrator.Examples of dried fruits are Raisins,
Plumsor Prunes and Dates. Apples,
Apricots, Bananas, Cranberries, Figs,
Mangoes, PawPaw, Peaches, Pineapples,
Pears and Tomatoes are the other dried fruits. A good dried fruit has a long shelf life and therefore it can be used as a good alternate to fresh fruit, which allows out of the season fruits to be available. Drying is a very well-known way to preserve fruit
when there is no refrigerator. Dried fruit is mostly used in baking mixes, breakfast cereals and making cake. Dried fruit is a healthy snack and since the public is ready to pay more for the snacks than staples, the quality is improving all the time.
|
| Indehiscent Dry Fruits |
Dehiscent Dry Fruits |
Indehiscent Dry Fruits |
Dehiscent Dry Fruits |
|
Follicle |

- The caryopsis is widely called as a grain.
- A very small, one-seeded dry, indehiscent fruit in which the actual seed coat is completely merged to the pericarp.
- The outer layer of pericarp or husk is referred to as the bran, while the inner, seed layer is referred as the germ.
- Caryopsis is the featured fruit of the large grass family . This is truly a fruit and not a seed because it came from a ripened ovary inside the grass inflorescence.
- Corn (maize), wheat, rice, rye, barley, oats, Johnson grass, Bermuda grass and many more species are the other examples of this type.
- In corn grains, the major white material that bursts when the grains are heated is endosperm tissue within the seed.
- Grain type fruits are generated by members of the grass family which comprises main food crops such as rice, corn and wheat.
|
- It develops from a single carpel and therefore seed(s) are in one locule.
- The fruits produced in Columbine and milkweed plants are known as a follicle. Magnolia is an example of follicle fruit.
- The Follicle fruit develops from a single ripened ovary and split only once to release their seeds in to the environment.
- The discharging seeds is always along. Follicles may occur individually, example - milkweed.
- When the fruit splits it looks like a dry leaf and that carpels are modified and the leaves first produce spores, then gametes and finally seeds.
- The cone-like magnolia tree fruit is an aggregate of many small follicles, each has single bright red seed.
- The term apocarpous refers to flowers that has separate and distinct carpels, such as delphiniums and columbines of the buttercup family.
|
|
Legume |
- The achene contains a single seed that stick to the wall of the ovary. Seed coat is not merged with ovary wall.
- The matured ovary wall is thin and immature, so when it dries, the fruit will developed as a seed-like appearance.
- Sunflowers,dandelions are examples for achenes.Buttercup and buckwheat fruits are the typical achenes.
- Sunflower "seed" is not a seed actually a fruit. They are tiny and one-seeded fruit, generally produced in clusters.
- At maturity the pericarp is dry and not attached to the internal seed, except at the placental attachment.
- An achene is a type of simple dry fruit that is developed by many species of flowering plants sometimes called as akene, and rarely called as achenium or achenocarp.
|
- The legume splits into two lines of dehiscence subsequent to maturation and drying.
- The legume fruits are derived from a simple ovary that has one carpel with two rows of ovules.
- Peas, beans and peanuts are the examples of legume type. A peanut is not a nut, it is one of the indehiscent legumes that will not split open when ripe.
- This is possibly because the peanut fruit is produced in the soil rather than in the air.
- A legume is a plant or a fruit in the family Fabaceae (or Leguminosae).
- "Pod" is the common name for this type of fruit, even though pod is also applied to a few other fruit types.
|
|
Capsule |
- Nuts are same in structure as like achene and the ovary wall is tough and woody.
- The shell of this nut covers as the coat for fruit. The coat is developed from the ovary wall after fertilization.
- Some nuts have a husk that covers the hard shell. The husk is developed from the outer layer of the ovary wall and the hard coat from the inner layer of the ovary wall.
- The examples of this type of nuts as follows.
- (1) Acorn of oak (Quercus): The actual nut lays in a cup-shaped involucre of imbricate (overlapping) scales.
- (2) Chestnut (Castanea), beech (Fagus) & chinquapin (Castanopsis): One or more nuts lies in a spiny, cup-shaped involucre.
- (3) Hazelnut or filbert (Corylus): Nut that is in a leafy (C. americana) or tubular (C. cornuta) involucre.
- 4) Walnut (Juglans) and pecan (Carya) are grouped in the drupe category above, although some botanists maintain that they are true nuts.
- The outer green layer (husk) of the walnut is part of the pericarp and the hard shell that surrounding the seed is truely the endocarp.
|

- The capsule is also a type of dry dehiscent fruit.
- The capsule is composed of more than one carpel. For example, lily fruits split length-wise into several sections corresponding to the number of carpels.
- The Sweet Gum fruit which is a cluster of capsules discharge winged seeds as each ovary splits open at maturity.
- A capsule is composed of two or more carpels, which splits apart (dehisce) to release the seeds, at maturity.
- In some capsules, the split happens between carpels, and in others each carpel splits open.
- In some others, seeds are discharged through openings or pores that form in the capsule.
- In the Brazil nut, a lid on the capsule opens, but it is very small to discharge the dozen of seeds within.
- These germinate within the capsule after it falls to the ground.
- Cotton (Gossypium), Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus), Horse Chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum), Jimson Weed (Datura), Mahogany (Afzelia), Witch Hazel (Hamamelis) are the plants that have capsule type fruit.
|
|
- A samara is a simple dry fruit in which a flattened "wing" of fibrous, papery tissue is produced from the ovary wall.
- A samara is bicarpellate (two carpels) and indehiscent (not opening along a seam) type.
- The shape of a samara allows the wind to carry the seed from the parent tree.
- A special form of samara is sometimes called a key, where the papery sheath widens far out to one side so that the seed spirals as it falls.
- Trees with the extended keys include the maples (genus Acer) and the ashes (genus Fraxinus).
- The Samara is a wind borne fruit that contains single seed. It is much similar to achene except for the paper-like wing which is produdec from the ovary wall of the flower.
- Samaras is similar to the winged seeds of a pine, but they are one-seeded fruits with a pericarp layer surrounding the seed.
- The leguminous tipu tree (Tipuana tipu) contains a winged fruit certainly looks like a samara, although it belongs to the legume family (Leguminosae or Fabaceae).
- Ash, elm are the examples of this type.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Special fruits for this week
|
|
|
 |
|
Kiwis kiwifruit will be fairly large and plump with thin "fuzzy" brown skin (Read more) |
|
 |
Pineapple
Pineapple fruit is native to the Asian tropics, with a delicate and fresh fragrance
(Read more) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|